Expanding your knowledge of interior design terminology not only refines your appreciation for spaces but also enhances your ability to communicate design ideas with clarity. In this second instalment of our interior design vocabulary series, we explore five more essential terms that shape the world of architecture and interiors.

Architrave

Image Source: This Is Carpentry

An architrave is the decorative moulding that frames a doorway, window, or opening, often seen in classical and traditional interiors. It serves both a functional and aesthetic role, concealing joints while adding architectural detail. Typically crafted from wood, plaster, or stone, architraves can be minimal or highly ornate, depending on the style of the space.

Origins: The term derives from classical architecture, with its roots in ancient Greek and Roman temples, where architraves formed the lowest part of the entablature, sitting directly atop columns. This feature was later adopted into Renaissance and Georgian interiors, where intricate detailing became a hallmark of grand residences.

Where You’ll See It: In period homes, luxury residences, and formal settings where architectural detailing is celebrated.

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Clerestory

Image Source: Rethinking The Future

A clerestory is a high section of wall that contains windows above eye level, allowing natural light to flood a space without compromising privacy. Originally used in grand cathedrals and basilicas, clerestory windows are now a popular feature in modern architecture, particularly in open-plan homes and loft spaces.

Origins: The concept dates back to ancient Egyptian and Roman architecture, where clerestory windows were employed in temples to bring in daylight. This feature became prominent in Gothic cathedrals, such as Notre-Dame, where the height and placement of clerestory windows contributed to the ethereal play of light within sacred spaces.

Why It Matters: Clerestories enhance natural illumination, improve ventilation, and create a sense of spaciousness by drawing the eye upwards.

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Frieze

Image Source: Laurel Home

A frieze is a decorative horizontal band that runs along the upper part of a wall, often adorned with sculptural reliefs, painted motifs, or intricate plasterwork. In classical architecture, friezes were integral to Greek and Roman temples, while in interior design, they add character and visual interest to ceilings and walls.

Origins: The term originates from the Latin “phrygium” and the Greek “phrýgios,” referring to decorative bands associated with Phrygia, an ancient region in what is now Turkey. Greek and Roman friezes often depicted mythological scenes and historical events in intricate relief sculptures, a tradition that continued into the Renaissance and Neoclassical periods.

Modern Use: Contemporary interiors may incorporate friezes in bespoke plasterwork, wallpaper borders, or as a design feature in neoclassical-inspired homes.

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Gilding

Image Source: John Canning

Gilding is the application of thin gold leaf or gold paint to a surface to create a luxurious, reflective finish. Historically used in opulent interiors, from baroque palaces to Louis XVI furniture, gilding remains a hallmark of sophistication in high-end design.

Origins: Gilding has been a decorative technique for over 4,000 years, dating back to ancient Egypt, where artisans applied gold leaf to statues and tombs. It flourished during the Renaissance and Baroque periods, adorning ceilings, furniture, and religious artifacts in European palaces and churches.

How It’s Used Today: From decorative mirror frames to intricate furniture details, gilding adds a touch of glamour and heritage to both classic and contemporary spaces.

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Negative Space

Image Source: My Boysen

Often overlooked, negative space is the intentional empty area within a design that allows elements to breathe. It plays a crucial role in balancing compositions, preventing clutter, and creating a sense of harmony.

Origins: The concept of negative space has deep roots in Eastern design philosophies, particularly in Japanese aesthetics, where the principle of ‘Ma’ (the space between objects) is integral to creating balance and simplicity. This idea has influenced modern minimalism and contemporary Western interior design.

Design Principle: Whether in minimalist interiors or grandiose settings, the strategic use of negative space enhances focus on key design elements, ensuring a room feels curated rather than overwhelming.

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Each of these terms represents a fundamental aspect of interior design, influencing everything from architectural structure to decorative flourishes. By understanding these concepts, you gain deeper insight into the craftsmanship and intentionality behind well-designed spaces.

Stay tuned for the next instalment as we continue to explore the language of design. Need expert guidance in creating a refined, cohesive interior? Contact Luxoria Interiors to bring your vision to life.

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Cover Image Source: Knof Design